Oral function should be measured routinely to determine individual bulbar involvement stages in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). “Our results underscore the heterogeneity of oral function effort across ...

"Decreasing AMMO [active maximal mouth opening] over time is seen most often in patients with SMA type 2 with an estimated reduction of almost 1 mm per year...At this point, we propose that ...

Patients with SMA often suffer from impaired bulbar function, which negatively affects quality of life and can be difficult to treat effectively. A German study prospectively followed children with ...

People with ALS now have more options to deal with a distressing set of symptoms called bulbar signs. These include difficulties with speech, swallowing, and salivation that result from ...