Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin (May 12, 1910 – July 29, 1994): British chemist renowned for her groundbreaking work in X-ray crystallography, earning her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964. She is best known for determining the structures of penicillin, vitamin B12, and insulin — discoveries that transformed modern medicine and structural biology.⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Born in Cairo to British archaeologist parents, Hodgkin studied chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford, before pursuing doctoral